Nearly every workplace has them: the Naysayer, who dismisses team members' ideas; the Spotlight Stealer, who claims credit for a colleague's efforts; and other annoying coworkers who make collaboration difficult. Following are six professionals whose irritating behaviors and irksome attitudes prevent them from forming productive relationships at work -- and what you should do to avoid following in their footsteps:

幾乎每一個(gè)工作場(chǎng)所都有這樣的人：總是唱反調(diào)、否定團(tuán)隊(duì)成員的創(chuàng)意；愛(ài)出“搶風(fēng)頭”，將同事的功勞據(jù)為己有；還有那些不利合作的人。以下六種職業(yè)人士，他們令人憤怒的行為和討人厭的態(tài)度使他們難以與人建立良好的工作關(guān)系——那么我們應(yīng)當(dāng)怎么做才能避免步其后塵呢？

1. The Naysayer. 唱反調(diào)的人。This office dweller delights in shooting down ideas. Even during "blue sky" brainstorming sessions, where all suggestions are to be contemplated with an open mind, the Naysayer immediately pooh-poohs any proposal that challenges the status quo.

這類(lèi)人以攻擊他人的觀(guān)點(diǎn)為樂(lè)。即便在“天馬行空”、對(duì)所有建議都予以考慮的集體討論中，唱反調(diào)的人會(huì)對(duì)任何向現(xiàn)狀發(fā)起挑戰(zhàn)的提議進(jìn)行抨擊。

The right approach: Because great solutions often rise from diverse opinions, withhold comment -- and judgment -- until the appropriate time. Moreover, be tactful and constructive when delivering criticism or alternative viewpoints.

正確做法：因?yàn)楹玫慕鉀Q方案總是從集思廣益中產(chǎn)生的，那么把評(píng)價(jià)留在適當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)刻。另外，在表達(dá)批評(píng)或不同觀(guān)點(diǎn)時(shí)要表現(xiàn)得得體、有建設(shè)性。

2. The Spotlight Stealer. 搶風(fēng)頭的人。There is definitely an "I" in "team" according to this glory seeker, who tries to take full credit for collaborative efforts and impress higher-ups. This overly ambitious corporate climber never heard a good idea he wouldn't pass off as his own.

在這類(lèi)對(duì)名譽(yù)的追求者看來(lái)，在“團(tuán)隊(duì)”中絕對(duì)少不了一個(gè)“我”。他們會(huì)把團(tuán)隊(duì)合作努力的所有功勞歸為自有，從而給上級(jí)留下印象。太有野心的“職場(chǎng)攀爬者”從來(lái)都覺(jué)得每一個(gè)好點(diǎn)子都出自他自己。

The right approach: Win over the boss and colleagues by being a team player. When receiving kudos, for instance, publicly thank everyone who helped you. "I couldn't have done it without..." is a savvy phrase to remember.

正確做法：通過(guò)作為團(tuán)隊(duì)成員來(lái)贏得老板和同事的認(rèn)可。例如，在獲得名譽(yù)的時(shí)候，公開(kāi)感謝曾經(jīng)幫助過(guò)你的所有人。“如果沒(méi)有……就沒(méi)有今天”是一句要記住的聰明話(huà)。

3. The Buzzwordsmith. 術(shù)語(yǔ)專(zhuān)家。Whether speaking or writing, the Buzzwordsmith sacrifices clarity in favor of showcasing an expansive vocabulary of clichéd business terms. This ineffective communicator loves to "utilize" -- never just "use" -- industry-specific jargon and obscure acronyms that muddle messages. Favorite buzzwords include "synergistic," "actionable," "monetize," and "paradigm shift."

不論在口頭還是書(shū)面表達(dá)中，術(shù)語(yǔ)專(zhuān)家都會(huì)避簡(jiǎn)就繁，拼命展示自己豐富的、專(zhuān)業(yè)的陳詞濫調(diào)。這類(lèi)失敗的交流者喜歡“利用”——而不僅僅是“用”專(zhuān)有的行話(huà)及意義模糊的縮寫(xiě)。 他們最喜歡用到的專(zhuān)業(yè)詞匯包括：“協(xié)同的”, “可訴訟的”，“貨幣化”以及“范例轉(zhuǎn)變”。

The right approach: Be succinct. Focus on clarity and minimize misunderstandings by favoring direct, concrete statements. If you're unsure whether the person you are communicating with will understand your message, rephrase it, using "plain English."

正確做法：言簡(jiǎn)意賅。用直接、具體的語(yǔ)言使語(yǔ)意清晰、盡量減少誤解。如果不確定對(duì)方是否理解你，用“白話(huà)”再解釋一遍。