To be a guy who lives a house that costs $97 million and has 66,000 square feet of living space, employing 300, a pool, boat dock, an 8 hole putting range, and even a salmon hatchery, you must have to be a pretty rich guy. In fact, the richest guy in America.

有個(gè)小伙子，他住在占地66000平方英尺，價(jià)值9700萬(wàn)美元的房子里。他雇傭了300個(gè)工人，房子里有游泳池，私人碼頭，8球洞的高爾夫練球場(chǎng)，甚至還有一個(gè)用來(lái)制作名貴魚子醬的三文魚孵卵場(chǎng)。這真是一個(gè)有錢的小伙子。事實(shí)上，他是美國(guó)最有錢的小伙子。
 
Well, Bill Gates started his rich life style when he was about 14. Wouldn't you like to be that rich?

比爾蓋茨14歲就開始了他的富豪生活。你難道不想像他一樣有錢嗎？
 
Lesson1: Choose Your Grandparents Carefully 小心投胎，挑個(gè)好祖父母
 
"There are three ways to make money. You can inherit it. You can marry it. You can steal it." --conventional sisdom in Italy.

有句意大利民諺說(shuō)得好：“掙錢的辦法有三種：第一靠繼承，第二靠婚姻，第三靠偷竊。”
 
William Henry Gates III made his best decision on October28, 1955, the night he was born. He chose J.W. Maxell as his great-grandfather. Maxwell founded Seattle's National City Bank in 1906. His son, James Willard Maxwell was also a banker and established a million-dollar trust fund for William Henry Gates III.

1955年10月28日的晚上，威廉·亨利·蓋茨第三（他的綽號(hào)叫比爾）出生了。詹姆斯·威拉德·馬克斯韋爾是他的外曾祖父。1906年，馬克斯韋爾在西雅圖創(chuàng)建了美國(guó)城市銀行。馬克斯韋爾的兒子詹姆斯·威拉德·馬克斯韋爾也成為一個(gè)銀行家，并且為他們的外孫子比爾蓋茨留下了100萬(wàn)美元的托管基金。
 
Lesson2 : Choose Your Parents Carefully 小心投胎，挑個(gè)好父母
 
A young man asked an old rich man how he made his money. The old guy said, "Well, son, it was 1932, the depth of the Great Depression. I was down to my last nickel. I invested that nickel in an apple. I spent the entire day polishing the apple and, at the end of the day, I sold the apple for ten cents. I continued this system for a month, by the end of which I'd accumulated a fortune of $1.37. Then my wife's father died and left us two million dollars."

曾經(jīng)有個(gè)年輕人問(wèn)老富翁是怎么發(fā)家的。這個(gè)老頭說(shuō)：“哦孩子，那還是在大蕭條最嚴(yán)重的1932年，我身上只剩下五美分了。我用這五美分買了一個(gè)蘋果。我花了一整天的時(shí)間把蘋果擦得亮亮的，然后在晚上，我以十美分的價(jià)錢賣了這個(gè)蘋果。我就這樣干了一個(gè)月。月底的時(shí)候，我一共攢了1.37美元。之后，我的岳父去世了，他留給我們200萬(wàn)美元的遺產(chǎn)。”
 
William Henry Gates, Jr. and Mary Maxwell were among Seattle's social and financial elite. William Henry Gates, Jr. was a prominent corporate lawyer while Mary Maxwell was a board member of First Interstate Bank and Pacific Northwest Bell.

蓋茨的父母均為西雅圖的社會(huì)名流和金融精英。他父親是一名杰出的律師，母親是第一洲際銀行和太平洋西北部地區(qū)貝爾公司的董事。
 
Lesson 3: Acquire Research Results by Hiring and Buying 通過(guò)購(gòu)買或者雇人獲取科研成果
 
Conventional economic wisdom holds that monopolies should spend heavily on research. But if you want to become as rich as Bill Gates, you have to remember that it is cheaper to wait for a small company to come up with something good and then buy them. In the old days, antitrust laws kept monopolies from buying potential competitors. But not anymore. When Microsoft products were threatened by network computers and Wed-based applications, they simply bought WebTV and Hotmail.

根據(jù)傳統(tǒng)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，壟斷者應(yīng)不惜重金搞科研。但是如果你想成為和比爾蓋茨一般的富人，你就必須記得買小公司研發(fā)出來(lái)的好東西比自主研發(fā)所花的成本要更為低廉。過(guò)去，反壟斷法禁止壟斷大戶收購(gòu)其潛在競(jìng)爭(zhēng)者。但是今非昔日。當(dāng)微軟的產(chǎn)品受到來(lái)自網(wǎng)絡(luò)計(jì)算機(jī)和基于網(wǎng)絡(luò)的軟件的威脅時(shí)，微軟采取的僅僅是購(gòu)買了互聯(lián)網(wǎng)傳輸流媒體技術(shù)以及電子郵件系統(tǒng)技術(shù)的策略。
 
Another good strategy is to hire the right people. Some of the guys who wrote Microsoft Windows had previous worked on window systems at Xerox PAPC. So Xerox paid for the research; Microsoft paid only for development.

另一個(gè)成功的策略就是雇傭了正確的一批人。好些替微軟視窗賣命的年輕人原先都效命于施樂(lè)公司帕洛阿爾托研究中心。所以說(shuō)，這個(gè)研究中心支付了微軟系統(tǒng)的研發(fā)費(fèi)用，而微軟僅僅支付了這套系統(tǒng)的改良費(fèi)用。
 
Lesson 4: Let Other People Do the Programming 讓其他人去做編程工作
 
If you're a great engineer, it can be frustrating to rely on other people to translate your ideas into reality. However, keep in mind that you're not going to get rich being "just a coder." Bill Gates does code reviews, not coding.

如果你是一個(gè)出色的編程人員，那么依靠他人來(lái)完成你的程序設(shè)計(jì)構(gòu)想稱得上是件令人沮喪的事情。然而，你需要牢記的是：僅僅當(dāng)個(gè)電腦程序員是不能成為富人的。比爾蓋茨所做的是改進(jìn)代碼質(zhì)量和確認(rèn)設(shè)計(jì)方案，而非編寫代碼。
 
Lesson 5: Train Your New CEO 培養(yǎng)下一個(gè)首席執(zhí)行官

For many it can be painful to run a company of more than 50 people. You spend more time than you'd like sitting in boring meetings, skimming over long legal documents in which you know there are errors but aren't sure how serious, etc. The temptation is to hand over the reins to the first "professional manager" who comes along. And that's what the standard venture capitalist formula dictates. But Bill Gates didn't do that. He hired Steve Ballmer in 1980 and gave him the CEO job 20 years later.

對(duì)于許多人來(lái)說(shuō)，管理一個(gè)50人以上的公司是件叫人頭疼的事情。你要花費(fèi)更多的時(shí)間去應(yīng)付惱人的會(huì)議，去閱讀明知有錯(cuò)，卻不知錯(cuò)誤有多嚴(yán)重的冗長(zhǎng)的法律文件。所以，只要一有合適的“職業(yè)經(jīng)理人”，人們就想把手中的韁繩交出去。這就是一般的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)資本家所遵循的模式。但是比爾蓋茨不是這樣做的。他1980年就開始雇傭史蒂夫·巴爾默，但是過(guò)了20年，他才宣布首席執(zhí)行官的職務(wù)由后者接任。